Cognitive Views of Learning

References Cherry, K.(2022, December 16). What is Piaget’s theory of cognitive development? Verywell Mind. https://www.verywellmind.com/piagets-stages-of-cognitive-development-2795457  Garcia, K. (2022). Take online courses. earn college credit. Research Schools, Degrees & Careers . Study.com | Take Online Courses. Earn College Credit. Research Schools, Degrees & Careers. https://study.com/academy/lesson/complex-cognitive-processes-definition-examples.html  YouTube. (2016). Cognitive Approach to Memory . YouTube . Retrieved August 7, 2023, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dpUwtAmOUt0.  McDermott, K. B. & Roediger, H. L. (2023). Memory (encoding, storage, retrieval). In R. Biswas-Diener & E. Diener (Eds), Noba textbook series: Psychology. Champaign, IL: DEF publishers. Retrieved from http://noba.to/bdc4uger Cherry, K. (2023, February 28). How does your long-term memory work? . Verywell Mind. https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-long-term-memory-279534...

 (OnRamps 2016) 4 predominant learning styles 1. Visual 2. Auditory  3. Reading/writing 4. Kin aesthetic (involving physical activity) Q. What learning style best suits you, provide an example of something you learned via this learning style, and does the current education system fail to account for different students learning styles?

  Theory built on a premise that our working (short term) memory has a limited capacity. - Overloading that capacity can reduce the effectiveness of teaching. Similar to how a computer will run less efficiently the more tabs it has open (Loveless 2023). Example: When 2 people are speaking to your at the same time you experience cognitive overload, and are unable to understand either person.  Q. Can anyone think of any other examples of cognitive overload in an educational environment such as a university or college?

  What is it? Turning new/imaginative ideas into reality  Ability to perceive the world in new and different ways. Connected to divergent thinking (creative solutions you could find for a problem) How to become more creative? Put in the work Let your mind wander (Day dreaming with purpose) Practice remote associations (brainstorming/jotting down ideas) Go outside (time in nature) Revisit your creative ideas (Crowe 2019) Q. What are the benefits of divergent (creative solutions for a problem) and convergent (reaching one well defined solution for a problem) thinking? Are there downsides?

    Refers to the memory process in the brain which takes information from the short term and creates long-lasting memories. Long-term memory can hold an unlimited amount of information for an indefinite amount of time. Short-term memories can become long-term memories through a process known as consolidation. Long-term memory can be further subdivided into two different types: explicit (conscious) and implicit (unconscious) memory. If you can remember something that happened more than just a few moments ago, whether it occurred just hours ago or decades earlier, it is long-term memory.  Long-term memory is important because it helps us recall major events in our lives. We also use long-term memory to access the skills and behaviours that we've learned which contribute to our survival (Cherry 2023).

(Martin 2016) The discussion then entered the realm of memory in which we discussed the theory of general memory processes. It being that memory consists of 3 cognitive processes. Theory of General Memory Process Encoding process : Receiving sensory input and converting it into a storable form. Storage process:  Putting coded information into memory. Retrieval process : Gaining access to the stored information when needed. (McDermott, K. B. & 2023)

  We continued the discussion with ideas of complex cognitive processes. How this term refers to the mental processes involved in retaining new information.  Educational Psychology: CCP (Complex cognitive processes) are used to acquire, store, and use new information to solve problems and make decisions. I provided some examples at this point of some complex cognitive processes, Concept Learning:  Process of learning to recognize and categorize objects or situations based on their attributes. Problem-solving : Process of finding solutions. Metacognition:  Awareness and understanding of one's own thought processes. Critical thinking:  Objective analysis of an issue in order to form a judgment. Transfer:  Prior knowledge and skills influence newly learned knowledge and skills. (Garcia 2022)

We began the discussion with first an understanding of the cognitive theory of development from the perspective of Piaget which emphasizes that cognitive development occurs in 4 stages. Piaget's Theory: Argued that children's cognitive development occurs in stages Sensorimotor: Birth to 2 years of age Preoperational: 2- 7 years of age Concrete Operational: 7-11 years of age Formal Operational: 12 years of age and up Piaget believed that children take an active role in their cognitive development early on (Cherry 2022).